The ratio of turns in a transformer's windings helps to define which of the following?

The ratio of turns in a transformer's windings directly relates to voltage transformation because it determines how the voltage is increased or decreased when electrical energy is transferred from one winding to another. This relationship is described by the transformer turns ratio, which is the ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding.

When this ratio is greater than one, it indicates a step-down transformer, which reduces the voltage output relative to the input voltage. Conversely, a ratio of less than one indicates a step-up transformer, which increases the output voltage. Therefore, understanding the turns ratio is crucial for calculating the output voltage and understanding how a transformer operates within a power system.

Options such as efficiency rating, power factor, and load capacity are influenced by various factors in transformer design and operation but are not directly defined by the turns ratio. For example, efficiency is a measure of how much input power is converted into output power without losses, while power factor relates to the phase difference between voltage and current in AC systems. Load capacity relates to the maximum amount of power the transformer can handle safely but does not directly depend on the turns ratio.